近零碳排放示范区的内涵及建设路径分析

"十三五"规划纲要中提出实施近零碳排放区示范区工程,但是目前尚面临着内涵模糊、遴选标准缺失、建设路径不清晰、政策保障不到位等问题。本文通过与低碳排放、零碳排放等相关概念进行对比辨析,提出近零碳排放示范区是指在一个县(县级市/区)级行政区划的边界范围内,净碳排放总量接近于零的典型区域。然后指出在遵循低碳水平先进性、区域平衡性、类型多样性原则下,应依据定量、定性以及特色三方面指标进行遴选。并且概括出减源、增汇、贡献零碳能源三条建设路径。最后从监测统计遴选指标、深化节能减排政策、完善碳汇交易机制以及推动零碳能源开发等方面提出了近零碳排放区示范区遴选、建设及推广的政策建议。

The Outline of the 13th Five-Year Plan proposed to implement the project of near zero carbon emission demonstration area, but there still exist the problems of vague connotation, absence of selection criteria, indistinct construction path and lack of policy support. This paper puts forward that the near zero carbon emission demonstration area is a typical region within the boundary of a county （county-level city/district） level which total net carbon emissions should be close to zero. The near zero carbon emission demonstration area should be selected by quantitative, qualitative and characteristic indicators following the principles of advancement of low carbon level, balance of regions and diversity of types. There are three construction paths in- eluding reducing the emission sources, increasing carbon sinks and supplying the zero carbon energy. Finally, the paper pro- poses the policy recommendations of the construction of near zero carbon emission demonstration area.