基于DEA-Malmquist指数的旅游装备制造企业生产效率测量——以9家旅游装备制造业上市公司为例

采用DEA—Malmquist法,对9家旅游装备制造业上市公司2011年-2015年"十二五"期间的生产效率进行测度。结果显示:在静态效率方面,旅游装备制造企业生产效率出现了先增后降的趋势;企业的综合技术效率、纯技术生产效率、规模效率等变化趋势一致,但是企业之间存在较大差异。在动态效率方面,尽管综合技术效率趋于下降,但是技术进步拉动了全要素生产效率的提升,这说明技术创新对旅游装备制造业具有支撑作用。据此,提出从以下三个方面推动旅游装备制造企业的提质增效:扩大生产规模、提高规模效率,实现规模经济;加大组织创新、管理创新,完善创新体系;加强企业合作、突破区域边界,完善装备制造业的产业链。

Using the DEA-Malmquist method, this paper measures the production efficiency of nine listed companies of tourist manu- facturing industry from 2011 to 2015. As to the static efficiency, the results show that the production efficiency has an up- down tendency. There is a similarity in comprehensive technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency, but a big difference could be found among enterprises. On the other hand, when it comes to the dynamic efficiency, the comprehensive technical efficiency tends to decline, but the technology progress improves the total factor production effi- ciency, which demonstrates that technology innovation plays a supporting role in the tourist manufacturing industry. Ac- cordingly, the scale of production should be expanded, the scale efficiency should be improved, the management innovation should be promoted, and the system of innovation should be perfected. Moreover, some steps should be taken to strengthen enterprise cooperation, and optimize the chains of tourist manufacturing industry in order to advance quality and efficiency.