湖北郧县龙门堂墓地M50等四座汉墓发掘简报

Excavation Report of Four Han Tombs in Yunxian County,Hubei Province

龙门堂墓地位于湖北省郧县东约40公里的安阳镇小河村一组的五谷庙岭,2010年11月至2012年6月,为配合南水北调中线工程建设,南开大学考古学与博物馆学系对该墓地进行了抢救性发掘。共发掘墓葬77座,本文对其中M50、M73、M74与M77四座墓葬的发掘及出土情况进行介绍。四座墓葬均为长方形土坑竖穴墓,随葬品主要以陶器为主,出土少量铁器。依据墓葬形制、器物组合等判断,M50的时代为西汉晚期至东汉早中期,M73、M74和M77的时代为西汉早期至中期。以上墓葬的发掘为探讨龙门堂地区汉代葬俗提供了丰富的原始资料。此外,结合龙门堂墓地以及临近的龙门堂遗址,可以为研究墓葬与居住区的关系、墓地安排及中下阶层人群的社会生活及物质文化等提供重要的参考资料。

The Longmentang cemetery is located at Wugumiaoling of Xiaohe village, Anyang town which is 60 kilometers east of Yunxian county, Hubei province. From November 2010 to June 2012, in order to support the middle route of ＂South-to-North Water Diversion＂ project, Department of Archaeology and Museology, Nankai University conducted an emergent survey and excavation of this cemetery where 77 tombs were discovered. This article introduces the details of excavation and unearthed objects of four tombs M50, M73, M74 and M77. All these four tombs were rectangular with vertical earth pits. Burial objects were mainly potteries, while a few iron wares were unearthed as well. According to the tomb layout and combination of objects, M50 should date between the late Western Han to the early and mid Eastern Han and M73, M74 and M77 to the early and mid Western Han. The excavation of these tombs provided abundant first-hand materials for the study of the Han burial custom in Longmentang area. And Longmentang cemetery together with the nearby Longmentang site could make a significant source for the research on the connection between tombs and the settlement, the arrangement of cemetery and the social life, and tangible culture of the middle- and lower-class people.