也谈赵孟頫书法的分期问题

Three Stages of Zhao Mengfu's Calligraphy

本文以赵孟頫传世作品为研究主体,将赵氏书法分成三个时期:早期为1283年前,赵30岁以前;中期为1284年至1307年,赵31-54岁时;晚期为1308年至1322年去世,赵55-69岁时。文中将赵书三个时期的师法渊源与风貌作如下分析说明:早期主要力学宋高宗赵构。中期为其书法之飞跃时期,长达22年,再细分为中初、中中、中后三期:中初期以《淳化阁帖》为根基全力学王,中间经十年努力进展巨大,于中后期攀上顶峰。晚期约十四、五年,也分成三期:晚初期为巅峰时期,晚中期始参入李北海,晚后期于俊美之形态中増添老辣生涩之笔。代笔、伪托之作此时期颇多。

This article studies the surviving calligraphic works of Zhang Mengfu and divides his calligraphic career into three stages： the early stage was till AD 1283 when he was 30 years old, the mid stage was from 1284 when he was 31 to 1307 he 54 and the late stage was from 1308 when he was at the age of 54 to 1322 when he was 69 and departed. The author discusses Zhao Mengfu＇s calligraphic style and origins in different stages： at the early stage, he imitated Zhao Gou, Emperor Gaozong of Song; then the mid stage spanning twenty-two years witnessed the rapid development of his calligraphy and could be subdivided into three parts. At the first mid stage he learned from Wang Xizhi and Wang Xianzhi on the basis of Chun Hua Ge Tie [,$q^f~]; then after ten years of endeavor of the second mid stage, he reached the climax at the third mid stage. The late stage of his calligraphy lasted about fourteen years and could also be subdivided into three parts. The first late stage was still his heyday. At the second late stage he started to add Li Beihai＇s style to his works. And at the third late stage, his calligraphy began to lack fluency yet were still in a handsome form with experienced brush strokes. Many ghostwriting and forgery of his works were produced at this stage.