体育与城市:德国城市绿色空间与大众体育综合发展策略

Sports and City: Integrative Development Strategy of Urban Green Space and Public Sports in Germany

德国在现代体育发展中取得了显著成就,现代体育运动对于提高德国市民生活质量和增强国际竞争力有着举足轻重的作用,这种重要性同时也体现在城市的规划与治理中。本文旨在介绍德国在城市发展过程中将大众体育与城市绿色空间整合规划、综合利用的发展策略。文章首先阐述了体育与城市的关系,讨论了体育的城市化和城市空间的体育化两个基本概念。随后回顾了德国在促进城市体育设施和管理上的发展历程以及特征,重点介绍了"黄金计划"的实施过程。最后以海德堡为例详细分析了德国城市运动与绿色空间相互协调发展的宝贵经验。

Germany has made great achievement in promoting modern sports, which can not only contribute to the improvement of citizens＇ life-quality and image of the country, but also to more sustainable urban planning and urban governance. This article presents a case study from Germany on how city authorities incorporate the usage of urban open spaces, especially the green spaces, as the sport field in to an integrated urban strategy. To begin with, the relationship between sports and city is addressed with a sociological explanation. Industrialization on the one hand makes modern sports an issue more urbanized; urbanization on the other hand destructed social relationships between individuals who value sports as a way of self-expression and reconstruction. Thereafter, the paper traces the development path of public sports in Germany, especially the program named ＂Golden Plan＂. Lastly, the paper discusses extensively the integrative development of urban green spaces and sports in Heidelberg.