谁该承担责任:试析农民工子女留守安排的道德合理性

Who should bear the responsibility?——Analysis of the moral rationality of the migrant workers' choices of children left-behind arrangement

本文采用案例研究方法,以农民工选择子女留守安排的理由及相关社会事实为依据,对子女留守安排的道德合理性进行分析。文章指出,在中国现阶段特定的社会条件下,农民工对子女留守安排的选择体现出家庭利益追求取向、半自主性选择、角色弥补意识及不知情认知偏差四个重要的主观特性,由此可说明农民工对子女留守安排的选择不属于道德犯错,也就是说,农民工的子女留守安排具有相对的道德合理性。这样,现阶段农民工总体上不必为子女留守安排的不良后果承担道德责任,而真正应该为农民工子女留守安排后果承担责任的"主体"主要是未能及时且充分调整的有关制度安排和社会观念系统。

This article points out that the migrant workers have four prominent subjective characteristics on the choice of children left-behind arrangement under certain conditions based on the analysis of the em- pirical data, that is the motive of pursuing the interests of the family, semi-autonomy, sense of making up for the loss of parental roles, unwitting cognitive biases. This can show the choice of children left-be- hind arrangement has the moral rationality under certain conditions, although the choice may have nega- tive impacts on the children. The conditions include migrant workers＇ life poverty pressure, the system of employment and social security of migrant workers, lack of consensus on the seriousness of the conse- quences of children left-behind arrangement. Thus migrant workers don＇ t need to bear any moral respon- sibility for their choices of children left-behind arrangement. What really should take the responsibility is the relevant system arrangement and social concept system, which has not been adjusted in time.