中国建设用地集约利用与碳排放效率的时空演变与影响机制

Temporal and spatial evolution and influencing mechanism of construction land intensive utilization on carbon emissions efficiency in China

为探索城市化进程建设用地集约利用对碳排放效率的影响机制,促进城市集约与低碳建设同步推进,本文构建了建设用地集约利用模型和非期望产出SBM模型,在分析省际层面的建设用地集约利用和碳排放效率时空变异基础上,采用空间计量和空间相关性方法探索了集约利用对碳排放效率的内在影响机制和外部特征。研究结果表明:(1)省级层面建设用地集约度整体呈上升趋势,由东至西逐级递减;(2)省际碳排放效率无明显时序波动性,多数省份呈一定程度上升,因技术效率差异,南方省份综合效率上升整体快于北方;(3)除固定资产和人口承载现状影响不显著外,劳动力、能源的集约效应对碳排放效率具有负向影响,而科技集约、绿化水平和产业结构具有正向促进作用;(4)研究区域内建设用地集约程度与碳排放效率两者增加趋势呈空间负相关性,局部聚集效应明显,以HL和LH聚类为主,应优化集约内部结构以促进碳排放效率提升。

Exploring the influence mechanism of construction land intensive utilization on carbon emission efficiency in urbanization is necessary to promote the simultaneous development of urban utilization and low carbon society construction in China. Here, we constructed an evaluation model of construction land intensive utilization and the non-expected output SBM model. Based on the analysis of temporal and spatial variability at the provincial level, the intrinsic mechanism and external characteristics between construction land intensive utilization and carbon emission efficiency were explored using the spatial econometric model and spatial correlation analysis tool. We found that construction land intensive utilization at the provincial level showed an overall tendency to grow in the course of temporal evolution as well as a gradually declining trend from east to west in the course of spatial variation. There was no obvious timing fluctuation of carbon emission efficiency among provinces, most of which are increasing to some extent. Due to variation differentiation in technical efficiency development, comprehensive efficiency in southern provinces was rising faster than the north. The influence of different factors on carbon emission efficiency was quite different. In addition to fixed assets and population bearing status, the intensive utilization of labor and energy had a negative effect on carbon emission efficiency, while intensive investment in science and technology, increase in greening rate and improvement of industrial structure had a positive role in promoting carbon emission efficiency. There was a negative spatial correlation for growth between construction land intensive utilization and carbon emission efficiency in the study region, and the local aggregation effect was obvious, more based on HL and LH clustering. This means that the internal structure should be optimized to further enhance the promotion of carbon emission efficiency on construction land utilization in China.