三白草科三种代表类群叶的挥发性成分研究

Volatile compounds from Leaves of Three Representative Taxa in Saururaceae

目的分析鱼腥草、三白草和裸蒴的叶片挥发性气味成分。方法采用顶空固相微萃取和气相色谱-质谱(GCMS)联用法收集分析鉴定挥发性成分的化学成分和结构。结果从鱼腥草、三白草、裸蒴的叶片挥发物中共鉴定出34种成分。其中鱼腥草叶释放的挥发性成分以β-月桂烯(32.11%)、桧烯(13.70%)、顺式罗勒烯(13.30%)为主,裸蒴叶释放的挥发性成分以2,6-二甲基-6-(4-甲基-3-戊烯基)双环[3.1.1]-庚-2-烯(34.15%)、二环大根香叶烯(16.79%)、(E,E)-α-金合欢烯(10.21%)为主,三白草叶释放的挥发性成分以大根香叶D(15.84%)、γ-榄香烯(12.23%)、β-榄香烯(11.91%)为主。结论鱼腥草、三白草和裸蒴叶片的挥发油成分存在很的差异。该研究可以为物种鉴定提供指导价值,并为公众认知三白草科奇异气味给予科学解释。

Objective To analyze the chemical composition of volatile compounds from leaves of Houttuynia cordata、Gymnotheca chinensis and Saururus chinensis. Methods The chemical composition of volatile compounds were collected and analyzed by headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（ GC-MS） in this study. Results A total of 34 compositions were identified from the volatiles of three representative taxa in Saururaceae. The main compositions isolated from the leaves of H. cordata were β-Myrcene（ 32. 11%）,Sabinene（ 13. 70%） and cis-Ocimene（ 13. 30%）. The main compositions isolated fromthe leaves of G. chinensis were 2,6-dimethyl-6-（ 4-methyl-3-pentenyl） bicyclo[3. 1. 1]-hept-2-ene（ 34.15%）,Bicyclogermacrene（ 16. 79%） and（ E,E）-α-Farnesene（ 10. 21%）. However,the main compositions isolated from the leaves of S. chinensis were Germacrene-D（ 15. 84%）, γ-Elemene（ 12. 23%） and β-Elemene（ 11. 91%）.Conclusion The chemical composition of volatile components from leaves of Houttuynia cordata、Gymnotheca chinensis and Saururus chinensis are obviously different in this study. This study could provide evidence for the species identification,and present a scientific explanation for special odour from Saururaceae to satisfy public curiosity.