2012—2016年上海市闵行区住院伤害病例特征及疾病负担分析

Analysis on epidemic characteristics and health burden of hospitalized injury cases during 2012-2016 in Minhang District of Shanghai

目的了解和掌握上海市闵行区住院伤害病例特征和疾病负担,为制定伤害防制策略提供科学依据。方法应用上海市闵行区医院信息系统,收集2012-2016年5年间因伤害住院病例资料,依据《疾病和有关健康问题的国际统计分类(ICD-10)》分析伤害住院病例的人口学特征及疾病负担。结果共纳入18 208例研究对象,男性61.83%、女性38.17%,男性较女性平均年龄小10岁;年龄分组构成有明显差别,40~64岁最集中(46.84%),其次为15~39岁和≥65岁,分别为28.95%和23.64%,<15岁最少(0.57%)。伤害原因前3位分别为跌倒(53.83%)、运输事故(13.30%)和意外事故(11.86%)。住院时间中位数10天,女性高于男性;住院费用中位数17 241.24元,女性高于男性,住院费用中位数前5位分别为意外事故、跌倒、意图不确定事件、运输事故、无生命器械伤。治疗结局以治愈为主(48.65%),其次为好转(42.50%)、未愈(6.17%)、死亡1.44%。意外事故造成的住院伤害以治愈为主,运输事故所致死亡率最高。结论住院伤害以中年人群为主,女性病例具有住院时间长、费用高、预后良好的特点;男性住院患者具有发生率高、死亡率高、预后不良的特点。应结合研究结果针对重点人群重点伤害类型开展干预工作。

Objective To understand the characteristics and disease burden of the hospitalized injuries in hospitals of Minhang District of Shanghai,and to provide evidence-based analysis for policy making. Methods Hospitalized injury cases from 2012 to 2016 were collected from the online registry portal of general hospitals in Minhang area.The International Classification of Diseases（ICD-10） was referred in this study to discuss the characteristics and diseases burden of injury incidents.Results A total of 18 208 cases were collected including 61.83% males and 38.17% females.The females were 10 years older than males on average.There were differences among age groups：46.84% of the injury occurred in 40-64 years old cases,28.95% occurred in 15-39 years old and 23.64%occurred in people above 65.Less damage occurred under 15 years old,just accounting for 0.57%.The first three injury causes in the list of all were falls（53.83%）,transport accidents（13.30%） and accidents（11.86%）.The average hospital stay was 10 days and medical expenses was 17 241.24 RMB.The hospital stay and medical expenses were longer and more expensive in female than in male.The top five reasons for medical expenses were accidents,falls,undetermined intent,transport accidents and machinery injury.According to the hospital discharge record,48.65% of the patients recovered,42.50%improved,6.17% did not improve and 1.44% died.Most injury cases caused by accidents were recovered,and the death rate of injury cases caused by transport accidents was the highest.Conclusions Middle-aged people were the key group for injury prevention strategy.Females were characterized by long-time hospitalization,high cost and better results,while males were characterized by the high incidents,high mortality and poor prognosis.The characteristics in age and types of injuries should be taken into account for injury prevention strategy.