活性炭基固体酸催化合成酒用脂肪酸乙酯的研究

Synthesis of fatty acid ethyl ester with activated-carbon based solid acid catalyst

以白酒酒糟为原料,通过浓硫酸磺化制备了活性炭基固体酸催化剂,并催化合成乙酸乙酯、乳酸乙酯、己酸乙酯和丁酸乙酯4种酒用脂肪酸乙酯。结果表明,乙酸乙酯最佳反应条件为活性炭基固体酸催化剂添加量3%,酸醇物质的量比1∶5,酯化时间4 h,酯化温度80℃,酯化率达86%;乳酸乙酯最佳反应条件为催化剂添加量4%,酸醇物质的量比1∶8,酯化时间10 h,酯化温度95℃,酯化率达76%;己酸乙酯最佳反应条件为催化剂添加量4%,酸醇物质的量比1∶10,酯化时间12 h,酯化温度98℃,酯化率达68%;丁酸乙酯最佳反应条件为催化剂添加量4%,酸醇物质的量比1∶9,酯化时间8 h,酯化温度90℃,酯化率达73%。活性炭基固体酸催化剂可以重复使用6次。

Using Baijiu vinasse as raw material, activated-carbon based solid acid catalyst was prepared with concentrated sulfuric acid by sulfonating. Fatty acid ethyl ester used for Baijiu such as ethyl acetate, ethyl lactate, ethyl caproate and ethyl butyrate was catalyzed and synthesized. Results showed that the optimal reaction conditions of ethyl acetate were activated-carbon based solid acid catalyst addition 3%, acid to alcohol ratio 1：5, esterification time 4 h, temperature 80 ℃. Under this condition, the esterification rate of ethyl acetate reached 86%. The optimal reaction conditions of ethyl lactate was activated-carbon based solid acid catalyst 4%, acid to alcohol ratio 1：8, esterification time 10 h, temperature 95℃. Under this condition, the esterification rate of ethyl lactate reached 76%. The optimal reaction conditions of ethyl hexanoate was activated-carbon based solid acid catalyst 4%, acid to alcohol ratio 1：10, esterification time 12 h, temperature 98℃. Under the conditions, the esterification rate of ethyl caproate reached 68%. The optimal reaction conditions of ethyl butyrate was activated-carbon based solid acid catalyst 4%, acid to alcohol ratio 1：9, esterification time 8 h, temperature 90℃. Under the conditions, the esterification rate of ethyl lactate reached 73%. The activated-carbon based solid acid catalyst could be reused for 6 times.