2016年广东省气候概况

Climatic Characteristics of Guangdong Province in 2016

2016年全省平均气温为22.3℃,较常年偏高0.4℃;年高温日数为28 d,仅次于2014年,为历史次多。全省年平均降水量为2 321.0 mm,较常年显著偏多30%,创历史新高;1月出现连场大范围冬季暴雨,月雨量和单日暴雨分布范围破纪录;1月强寒潮致降雪范围突破了1951年以来降雪的最南界。3月21日开汛,较常年偏早16 d,汛期长达215 d,为有气象记录以来第2长。汛期暴雨多,强对流频繁,局部洪涝重。台风生成为1949年以来第2晚,有5个热带气旋登陆或严重影响广东省。全省平均灰霾日数为1989年以来最少。2016年,在超强厄尔尼诺影响下,西北太平洋副热带高压较常年偏强、偏西。南海夏季风爆发时间正常,结束显著偏晚,强度略偏弱。2016年广东省总体天气气候特征是"开汛早,结束晚,汛期时间长;气温高,降水多,台风生成晚",属一般偏差气候年景。

In 2016, the annual mean temperature of Guangdong province was 22.3℃, 0.4℃ higher than normal, the annual high temperature days was 28 days, only less than that of 2014. It is the second highest since the local meteorological record began. The annual mean precipitation in Guangdong was 2 321.0 mm, 30% higher than normal, which is the ever highest record. Large-range winter rainstorms ap- peared in January, with the monthly rainfall and rainstorm station number in a single day breaking the re- cord. Snowfall areas, caused by a severe cold wave in January, was the southernmost in China since 1951. The onset date of the annually first rainy season began on March 21, 16 days earlier than normal, the flood season lasted 215 days, the second longest since the meteorological record began. Strong rainstorms and con- vection weather occur frequently during the flood season, resulting in serious local floods. In 2016, the gen- esis of the typhoons was the second latest since 1949. There were five tropical cyclone landing or severely af- fecting Guangdong. The annual mean haze days in Guangdong in the year was the least since 1989. Under the influence of an extremely strong E1 Nino in 2016, the west Pacific subtropical high became stronger and more westward than normal. The summer monsoon in South China Sea broke out normally and ended much later with weak intensity. The general climate characteristics of Guangdong in 2016 was that the annually first rainy season in Guangdong began earlier and ended later than normal with a long flood season, with high temperature, much precipitation and late genesis of typhoons. 2016 was a year with normal to worse meteoro- logical prospects.