刑事和解案件定罪标准的确立与调适

The Establishment and Adjustment of the Standard of Proof for Conviction in the Criminal Reconciliation Cases

刑事和解案件中和解协议达成的前提即是被告人悔罪、赔偿等认罪性行为,倘在和解协议达成后给被告人定罪时,仍刚性要求适用普通案件的定罪标准,无论是"结论唯一"或"排除合理怀疑",均显然不符合刑事和解案件的特点,因而需要在多层次证明标准的背景下,选择一种既有原则性又有灵活性的标准加以适用。在此种情况下,盖然性标准由于具有上下浮动空间,既能够避免适用普通定罪标准带来的对刑事和解效率价值的消解,又足以降低错误定罪的风险,因此,以其作为刑事和解案件的定罪标准,具有相对合理性。

The premise of the agreements in the reconciliation cases is that the accused express their repentance by plea guilty or/and reparation to the victims.If the rigid requirement of using the ordinary standard of proof for conviction,no matter it isthe only conclusion ＂orbeyond a reasonable doubt＂,is still applied after the agreement is reached,the characteristics of the criminal reconciliation will be jeopardized.Accordingly,we need to find a standard which is both principled and flexible in the context of multi-level standards of proof.Under such a circumstance,the probability standard which has fluctuating space can be used as the standard of proof for conviction in the criminal reconciliation cases,because it can avoid the result of applying the ordinary standards of reducing efficiency in reconciliation,and also is sufficient to reduce the risk of wrongful conviction.