构成要件保护目的与过失犯结果不法的规范限缩

The Normative Protection Purpose of Constitution and Norm Limitation of Negligent Crime's Consequence Unlawfulness

在客观归责理论中,构成要件效力范围没有必要作为独立的阶层,其下位规则应在风险制造与风险实现两个阶层重新安置。构成要件保护目的是风险实现阶层的指导原理。过失犯的结果归责必须在结果预见可能性基础上,根据构成要件保护目的进行全面的利益权衡。在具体判断时,构成要件保护目的理论先于合法替代行为理论,后者在前者无法得出有效结论时才会起作用,因为规范本身原则上有效,所以先判断规范的保护范围,在特殊情况下才会判断规范的效力。构成要件保护目的对异常因果流程、合意的他人危险化、第三人责任范围等特殊情形的判断,也有重要指导作用。

In the objective imputation theory,the scope of validity of constitution is not necessary to be an independent class.The core element for determining the scope of validity of constitution is the protective purpose of constitution,which is the governing principle of the risk realization class.The results imputation of negligent offense must keep full interest balance based on the protective purpose of constitution.The Empirical judgment provided by the possibility rules of the results forecasting is not enough.The constraint framework of the consequence without value indicates that the theory of protective purpose of constitution is prior to the behavior theory of legitimate replacement.The latter functions only when the former couldnt get effective conclusion.Because the norm is effective in principle,the protective scope of the specification should be judged firstly,and then,the normative validity would be judged only in specific situation.In addition,the protective purpose of constitution plays an important role in the behavior of legitimate replacement,the abnormal causal process,perceived risk of others,the third party liability and so on.