±1100 kV换流站内避雷器抗震及减震研究

Investigation on Seismic Performance and Shock Absorption of Arrester in ±1 100 kV Converter Station

为保证特高压换流站内重要电气设备的抗震安全性、提高瓷套类设备抵御地震灾害的能力,对±1 100 kV换流站内500 kV避雷器及加装了减震器的避雷器结构开展了振动台试验研究,并对布置在防火墙上的避雷器进行了抗震分析。对用于避雷器的金属减震器进行了拉压循环加载试验,获得的滞回曲线饱满,表明其耗能特性优越。通过以0.1g和0.2g(g为重力加速度)等级的标准时程波和共振拍波为输入的振动台试验发现,减震器可有效降低设备的应力、加速度和顶部相对位移,且地震等级越高,减震器表现出的减震效果越显著。数值分析结果与振动台试验结果一致性较好。0.2g等级地震作用下,常规布置形式的避雷器可满足抗震要求,而分析得到布置于±1100 kV换流站内防火墙上的500 kV避雷器最大应力达到58.66 MPa,防火墙的动力反应放大效应显著,墙上设备存在严重安全隐患。运用减震器后,设备应力降至21.92 MPa,应力安全系数满足抗震要求。

To ensure the seismic safety of important electrical equipment in ultra-high voltage converter station,and to improve seismic resistance capacity of porcelain arrester,we investigated seismic performances of 500 kV arrester and that in the presence of mental dampers in ±1 100 kV converter station by shaking table test.Additionally,the seismic performances of arrester on firewall were analyzed.The tensile and compressive cyclic loading tests of the metal damper for arrester were carried out.The hysteresis curves are full,indicating that the energy dissipation characteristic is superior.By shaking table tests using artificial standard waves and resonance beat waves with 0.1 g and 0.2 g（g represents gravitational acceleration） level,it is found that the damper can reduce stress,acceleration,and relative displacement effectively.The damping effect is strong under high-level seismic action.The results of numerical simulations well accord with the results of shaking table tests.During 0.2 g level earthquake,the arrester under normal condition can meet seismic requirements.However,by numerical analysis,it is obtained that the maximum stress of arrester on firewall in ±1 100 kV converter station reaches 58.66 MPa.Dynamic amplification effect of firewall is obvious,which causes serious security risk of equipment on firewall.The maximum stress of arrester with dampers on firewall reduces to 21.92 MPa and the safety factor can meet the seismic requirements.