乡建,我们准备好了吗——乡村建设系统理论框架研究

Have we been ready for rural construction: Research on the theoretical framework of rural construction system

党的十八大报告提出要实现美丽中国的目标,美丽乡村建设是实现这个目标的重要步骤。中国乡村建设无论是在村镇数量、人口规模还是产业经济方面都是一个极其庞大和结构复杂的系统工程,如果没有系统的思维和方法,难以实现美丽乡村建设目标。应用文献、系统论和类型学方法,结合当前乡建实践,从系统的要素、结构和功能层面,分析和归纳当前的乡村建设成果和现象,指出目前乡建的大系统结构清晰,但各子系统要素重组的外部依赖化、治理结构的短期阶段化和功能实现的浅层主观化方面存在值得关注的问题。提出在总结和研究当前理论和实践的基础上,从学科发展、学术研究、政策机制和实践评估层面建立与可持续和大规模乡建相适应的系统理论已刻不容缓。

The goal of building a beautiful country was proposed in the 18th CPC National Congress Report, and beautiful rural construction is an important step to realize the goal. Rural construction is a huge and structure-complicated system for the quantity of its villages and towns, population and industry economics. If there are no comprehensive thinking and systematic approaches, it is hard to realize the objective of building beautiful countryside. With the help of documents collected, typological methodology, systematic theory and previous practical experience in building beautiful countryside, the authors analyze and summarize the fruits and facts from aspects of system elements, structure and function. It is pointed out that the current system of rural construction is clear. However, there are some problems in subsystems which should be paid attention to, such as relying on external assistance to regroup construction elements, short-term and stage-phased govemance structure, superficial and subjective function implementation. After summarizing and studying the current theory and practice, we believe that there is an urgent need to set up a sustainable and large-scale rural area construction-related theoretical system from perspectives of disciplinary development, academic research, policy mechanism and practice evaluation.