我国乡村聚落的植物物种多样性研究进展

Progress on Plant Species Diversity of Rural Settlements in China

乡村聚落作为半人工半自然的景观,是我国重要的景观类型之一,其物种多样性既有生态环境的原始性,又有城市聚落的人工性,有着重要的研究价值。该文在理解乡村聚落和物种多样性概念的基础上,总结了乡村聚落物种多样性的研究方法和影响因子,提出当前研究成果中存在的问题:对于多样性指数缺乏选择指标和深入的分析、与演替之间关系的研究较少。针对这些问题提出了在城市化背景下,乡村聚落物种多样性研究的展望,加深对时空尺度的关注,加强生态学与地理学的结合,从动态视角分析人为因子和非人为因子对乡村聚落物种多样性的影响以及带来的变化。

As half-artificial and half-natural landscapes whose diversity of species shows both characteristics of primitive eological environment and aritificial features of urban settlements. Rural settlements are one of the most important type of landscapes in China,which hlghhghts its great value on Chinese landscapes researches. Based on our understanding of rural settlement and the concept of species diversity, this essay summerized the methods of relating reseaches and the influencial factors of previous studies on the species diversity of rural settlements. On the other hand, it also illustrated several main problems shown in previous studies,lack of specific selection on examples; few studies on relationship between species diveristy and its succession. At last,taking the aforesaid problems into consideration, this essay looked into the prospects of researches on species diversity of rural settlements by drawing a deeper attention to spatio-temporal scale, enhancing the combination of ecology and geography and analyzing the influence on rural settlements＇ species diversity exerted by both artificial factors and non-artifical factors from a dynamic prospective under the background of urbanization.