移民与清代川藏官道康定至巴塘沿线社会变迁

Immigrants and the Social Change in the Area along the Sichuan-Tibet South Road( Part of Kangding to Batang) during the Qing Dynasty

为了保障治藏要道的畅通,清朝在川藏官道沿线设置了台站、塘汛,并派兵驻守。以军事性移民为先导,商贩、垦丁、矿夫、工匠等陆续进入川藏官道沿线的康定、理塘、巴塘等地。外来移民的迁入,使得官道沿线地区日益呈现出民族文化的多样性、经济生活的共生性、社会交往的包容性、族际界线的流动性特征。清王朝长期的经略和汉藏互动,促进了川藏官道康定至巴塘沿线地区的一体化进程。

The most significant change in the distribution pattern of nationalities in the Kham area in the Qing dynasty was the immigration of a large number of Han Chinese. In order to keep the traffic flowing in the area along the Sichuan - Tibet south road, the Qing dynasty set up some Tangxun and Taizhan which troops were there in force. Accompanied by military immigrants, traders, planters, handicrafts and other people moved into the area along the Sichuan - Tibet south road （ part of Kangding to Batang） gradually. The immigration prompted the ethnic interaction between the Tibetan and the Hans in the Kham area to be more frequent than before. The area along the Sichuan -Tibet south road （part of Kangding to Ba- tang） unfolded the diversity of ethnic cultures, the symbiosis of economic life, the inclusiveness of social interaction, the mobility of ethnic boundary in the characteristics day by day. The long - term interaction between the Tibetan and the Hans and the ruling strategy of the Qing government promoted the integration of the area along the Sichuan -Tibet south road （part of Kangding to Batang） with the inland.