中国海外高铁“政治化”问题研究——以印尼雅万高铁为例

The Politicization of China's Outbound High-speed Railway Investment:The Case of the Jakarta-Bandung Railway

在中国高铁"走出去"的过程中,中国企业与对象国发生经贸摩擦的情况并不少见,甚至存在"经贸问题政治化"的现象。文章以印尼雅万高铁项目为例,探讨"一带一路"背景下雅万高铁项目"政治化"问题的表现,包括项目的目的、性质和建设。文章认为,雅万高铁项目的 "政治化"甚至"国际化"问题,是印尼经济发展疲软背景下国内政治斗争的结果,而非中印尼两国国家利益与战略冲突所致。因此,在"国家—市场—社会"的分析框架下,中印尼两国的经济发展、社会和谐与政治稳定,将成为深化中印尼两国双边关系的基础。虽然"政治化"问题的主要根源在印尼国内,但经贸摩擦的"去政治化"和有效解决,将有利于中国高铁顺利地"走出去"。因而中方应采取措施以缓解中国海外高铁"政治化"的上升。

As China's high-speed railway program continues to go global,commercial frictions have emerged between Chinese companies and the host states of projects,to the point that commercial issues are frequently politicized.Based on a review of the case of the Jakarta-Bandung Railway project in Indonesia,this article offers a detailed discussion of the'politicization'of such projects against the background of the Belt and Road Initiative,considering especially the project's objectives,characteristics and physical construction.It is argued that the politicization and gradual internationalization of this project are the result of domestic political struggles prompted by Indonesia's weak development trends,and is not related to any conflicting interests between China and Indonesia.As such,China should work to decrease the pace of the 'politicization'of its railway projects.