用综合污染指数法分析评价黄河陕西段的水环境

Assessment of Water Quality in Shaanxi Section of the Yellow River by a Comprehensive Pollution Index Method

2013年-2015年,逐月监测分析了黄河陕西段府谷、吴堡、龙门、洽川、港口、汾河入黄口和渭河入黄口7个段面22项水质指标,并用综合污染指数法进行评价。结果显示:黄河陕西段处于4级中度污染水平,5级较重污染段面汾河入黄口(P=9.26)1个,其余6个段面处于4级中度污染水平(2.04≤P≤4.67)。主要污染物为总氮、总磷和有机物,部分段面还受到重金属汞、砷、铜、锌的影响,所有段面未受有机氯和有机磷的污染。同期断面比较,上游污染轻于下游,污染逐年下降。

The 22 indices of water quality were monthly monitored at seven sections in Shaanxi section of the Yellow River from 2013 to 2015, and the assessment of water quality was carried out.using a comprehensive pollution index. It was found that the water quality was under class 4, moderate pollution level, in the river in Shaanxi section, and that the river mouth of Fen River into the Yellow River was under class 5, heavier pollution （P=-9.26）, the rest 6 sections being under class 4 （2.04 ≤P≤4.67）, moderate pollution levels. The total nitrogen, total phosphorus and organic matter were found to be the main pollutants, and the partial sections were influenced by heavy metals including mercury, arsenic, copper, and zinc. However no organochlorine and organophosphorus pollution was observed in all river sections. In comparison with different sections in the same period, light pollution was in the downstream, and pollution condition was dropping year by year.