基于肌肉骨骼负荷的上肢姿势不舒适度评价方法

Upper Limb Posture Discomfort Assessment Method Based on Musculoskeletal Loads

针对通过主观评价建立的人体姿势不舒适度评价方法的应用效果不理想的问题,提出了基于肌肉骨骼负荷的上肢姿势不舒适度评价方法(Upper Limb Posture Discomfort Assessment Method Based on Musculoskeletal Loads,UAML)。根据人体关节负荷大小、肌张力收缩程度与人体姿势不舒适度之间的因果关系,应用DELMIA人机工程软件进行了人体关节负荷仿真实验,测量了虚拟人在不同人体姿势下关节力矩的变化情况,利用MP150生理记录仪测量了一组受试者在不同人体姿势下的表面肌电特性。对关节力矩数据和根据相关肌肉横截面积加权计算得到的肌电数据进行了归一化处理,利用回归分析的方法建立了以关节动作角度为变量的关节动作不舒适度模型,运用模糊综合评价的方法对关节不舒适度和上肢姿势不舒适度进行评价,将提出的评价方法应用到实际,与快速上肢评价法的评价结果相比,验证了其可靠性。

In view of poor application effects of posture discomfort assessment methods based on subjective assessment, the upper limb posture discomfort assessment method based on musculoskeletal loads was proposed. According to the causality of posture discomfort with joint loads and muscle tension of contraction, joint loads simulation experiment was conducted by applying DELMIA ergonomics software. Surface electromyography characteristics of subjects in different postures were measured with MP150 physiological recorder. Joint moment data and surface electromyography data with weighted calculation were normalized. Joint motions discomfort models whose variable is joint motions angles were established by regression analysis. Joints discomfort and upper limb discomfort were assessed by fuzzy synthetic evaluation method. Assessment method proposed was applied to practical. Assessment results were compared with rapid upper limb assessment, and it shows the assessment method is reliable.