张謇中体西用的建筑观研究

Westernized Chinese Style in the Architectural Concept of Zhang Jian

"中体西用"思想,即变器不变道,以本土文化为体、西方技术与艺术为用的处事之道。张謇中体西用的建筑观在南通近代主流建筑型制中得到了充分的反映:在建筑选址上采用中国传统的地形选择和水势运用思维,兼顾西方建筑的功能性;在建筑的平面布局上使用西式专用空间代替传统的通用空间,但繁复的入口和交通体系暗含南通民居传统布局方式;近代建筑的西式外表体现了传统的开间等级观念,细部的装饰充满中国传统吉祥元素。

Zhang Jian＇s thought is reflected in all aspects of his political life. As an eternal cultural carrier, the architecture reflects the cultural thought of that. For example, the traditional terrain selection and the use of the water potential are fully considered in the selection of construction site, while taking into account the convenience and practical spirit of the West. The Western-style building creates a modern building environment while its complicated entrance and transportation system contain the traditional layout of Nantong. Its western-style appearance represents a traditional concept of bay levels, and its detailed ornaments are full of traditional auspicious elements of China.