乾隆“难夷抚恤令”及其对浙江的影响

Emperor Qianlong's Act of Rescuing Castaways and Its Impact on Zhejiang Province

乾隆二年(1737),因琉球难夷漂风至浙,乾隆帝"柔远深仁",谕令沿海各省"动交公银",为外国难夷回国提供便利。以这道谕令为始,沿海各省层层落实,尤其是浙江抚恤漂风难民甚为优厚,刺激海外各国漂风而至以获取回报并私自贸易,同时浙江在海上活动频繁情形下对各国难民迎来送往,构筑起了"顺风相送"的海难救助网络。

A permission of providing public fund for rescuing and repatriating foreign castaways was decreed by Emperor Qianlong when the castaways drifted toward Zhejiang province in 1737（ the second year in the reign of Emperor Qianlong）. Since then,the coastal provinces take actions,with Zhejiang province taking the lead in the generous provision of pension,which attracted the foreign castaways who came to Zhejiang province to obtain rewards and even embarked on illegal commerce. Meanwhile,in the backdrop of frequent activities of welcoming and sending off by the sea,the network of rescue of castaways was established to protect and repatriate them.