作为主体性破产的修辞风格——论鲁迅小说中的反讽

A Rhetorical Style of Subjectivity Failure——On Irony in Lu Xun's Novels

反讽以鲁迅早年"立人"的主体性思想为前提,但正是这一思想的破产使得反讽成为可能。鲁迅早年受克尔凯郭尔启发,后者也曾论述反讽的概念,但他的基督教背景是鲁迅不具有的,反讽技巧与鲁迅浪漫自我的悲剧历史经验关联在一起。在韩南强调反讽的"贬低"效果之外,反讽对构建历史的崇高形象有积极的一面。

Irony takes the idea ＂the cultivation of people＂in Lu Xun＇s early thought as its prerequisite.However,it is the failure of this idea that made irony possible. Lu Xun was inspired by Kierkegaard who had also discussed the concept of irony,but Kierkegaard＇s Christian background distinguished himself from Lu Xun. To Lu Xun,irony was not only a writing skill,but was deeply associated with his tragedy of his romantic self. Besides the deprecation on which Patrick Hanan insisted,irony was positive to the construction of lofty image of history.