液体活检在乳腺癌中的研究进展

Research progress of liquid biopsy in breast cancer

液体活检是指通过无创手段提取病人体液(血液、尿液、唾液、乳汁等),并分析肿瘤组织衍生的生物标记物,如循环肿瘤细胞、循环肿瘤DNA及外泌体.与传统的影像学及病理学诊断相比,液体活检具有无创性、可重复性及时效性等优势.近几年来,随着检测技术的革新发展,液体活检已被许多临床试验证实是一种有效的新颖活检技术.本研究将从生物学特性、检测技术及临床应用方面阐述液体活检在乳腺癌中的研究进展.

Liquid biopsy is a non-invasive technique to extract patient＇s body fluid（ blood,urine,saliva,milk,etc.） and analyze tumor-derived biomarkers,such as circulating tumor cells,circulating tumor DNA and exosomes. Compared with traditional imaging and pathological diagnosis,liquid biopsy has advantages such as non-invasiveness, repeatability and timeliness. In recent years, with the increasingly development of detecting technology, liquid biopsy is an effective and novel biopsy technology that has been confirmed by many clinical trials. The present review discusses the research progress of liquid biopsy in breast cancer,including biological property,detecting technology and clinical application.