2个小麦品种的遗传性状分析及分子标记筛选

Analysis of Genetic Traits and Screening of Molecular Marker in Two Wheat Varieties

为了明确宁春4号与河东乌麦各自的遗传性状,从农艺性状、品质性状、抗病性、分子标记等方面对2个品种进行鉴定。结果表明:相较于河东乌麦(Ⅰ和Ⅱ),宁春4号株高最低(86.70 cm),穗下茎长和穗长均最长(分别为36.60 cm、10.95 cm),穗粒质量和千粒质量最高(分别为1.95 g、46.61 g),小穗数、穗粒数和经济系数居中;而河东乌麦(Ⅰ和Ⅱ)较宁春4号有效穗均增多(分别为5.10个、6.60个),且表现为田间高抗白粉病、中抗条锈和叶锈病。在主要品质性状上,宁春4号籽粒饱满指数大(0.71)、含水率较高(10.23%)、面团稳定时间较长(9.45 min),其籽粒硬度、吸水率及淀粉回升终点值居中;而河东乌麦(Ⅰ和Ⅱ)蛋白质含量、面筋含量、沉降值均较高(平均值分别达16.21%、35.76%、40.27 m L),面团形成时间较长(2.38 min)。在2个品种上共筛选出具有多态性的SSR、ISSR标记分别为127个、7个;同时,12个已报道相关基因的标记得以鉴定,其中2个品种均携带有Wx-A1a/b、Wx-B1a/b、Wx-D1a/b、Dy12、Pm2、Pm4、Pm6、Sr31基因,宁春4号还携带有Psy-A1基因,河东乌麦(Ⅰ和Ⅱ)携带有Pm16、Yr2和抗赤霉病QFhs.ndsu-3BS基因。

In order to clarify genetic traits of Ningchun 4 and Secale cereal L,the two varieties were identified by agronomic traits,quality traits,disease resistance,molecular markers. The results showed that for Ningchun 4,plant height was lower（ 86. 70 cm）,ear stem and panicle length were longer（ 36. 60 cm and10. 95 cm,respectively）,grain weight per spike and thousand seed weight were heavier（ 1. 95 g and46. 61 g,respectively）,spikelet number,kernels per spike and economic coefficient were in the middle compared with Secale cereal L. Secale cereal L（ ⅠandⅡ） had more effective tillers than Ningchun 4（ 5. 10 and 6. 60,respectively）,and was highly resistant to powdery mildew,moderately resistant to stripe and leaf rust. In main quality traits,for Ningchun 4 grain full index was larger（ 0. 71）,water content was higher（ 10. 23%）,dough stability time was longer（ 9. 45 min）,its grain hardness,water absorption ratio and starch recovery end point value were in the middle. But Secale cereal L had higher average protein content（ 16. 21%）,gluten content（ 35. 76%）,Zeleny sedimentation（ 40. 27 mL）,and longer time for paste formation（ 2. 38 min）. 127 SSR and 7 ISSR markers were screened in two varieties,and markers of 12 reported related genes were identified. The two varieties all carried Wx-A1 a/b,Wx-B1 a/b,Wx-D1 a/b,Dy12,Pm2,Pm4,Pm6,Sr31,and Ningchun 4 also carried Psy-A1,Secale cereal L had Pm16、Yr2 and gibberellic resistance gene QFhs. ndsu-3BS.