电磁辐射防护织物及服装的技术特点和标准分析

Technical Features of Electromagnetic Shielding Fabric and Garment and Related Standards

电磁波已不可避免地存在于生活、工作及战场等各种环境中,当电磁辐射强度超过暴露限值后,需要对目标进行电磁辐射防护。具有轻质、柔性、可弯曲等特性的电磁屏蔽织物是柔性电磁辐射防护材料的首选,也是对人体实现电磁防护的必备材料。基于多年研究和生产,本文详细阐述了电磁屏蔽织物的种类及其代表性品种、通用的性能和结构特点、有效屏蔽结构和通用影响因素以及织物的性能要求及测试方法标准,并进一步阐述了电磁辐射防护服装的设计原则,对服装屏蔽效能测试方法标准及其假人模型进行分析。

Electromagnetic wave inevitably exists in various environments such as living habitat, workplace and battle feld. When intensity of electromagnetic radiation exceeds exposure limit, it is necessary to shield the objective from electromagnetic radiation. Being light-weighted, fexible and bendable, electromagnetic shielding fabric is an ideal fexible material for electromagnetic radiation protection and also an essential material for shielding human body from electromagnetic radiation. Based on years of research and production practice, the paper elaborates the types of electromagnetic shielding fabric, their respective typical variety, common properties, structural characteristics, effective shielding structure and common influential factors as well as requirements on fabric properties and related test methods and standards. It further discusses the design principle of electromagnetic shielding garment and analyzes the test methods and standards for the electromagnetic shielding efciency of the garment by using a mannequin.