2016年度灾害性天气对桓台县夏玉米产量影响分析

Analysis on the Effect of Disastrous Weather on Summer Maize Yield in Huantai County in 2016

2016年桓台县夏玉米播种面积2.33万hm^2,整个生育期气象条件较为有利,但也出现灾害性天气,造成全县夏玉米减产。通过对2016年夏直播玉米整个生产过程中气象条件进行分析,探讨气象条件、灾害性天气过程对当年夏玉米产量的影响。结果表明,7月下旬的强降雨天气造成夏玉米授粉不良,穗粒数降低,夏玉米"秃尖"现象偏重;8月中旬的连续性降雨天气造成田间积水和夏玉米青枯病大面积发生,影响玉米灌浆,千粒重降低;9月中旬的风雨冰雹天气造成夏玉米严重倒伏,影响灌浆,且对夏玉米收获不利,增加了生产成本。

Sown area of summer maize was 23 300 hm2 in Huantai County in 2016,the meteorological conditions in the entire growth period were more favorable,but the severe weather also appeared,which resulted production reduction of summer maize in whole county. Based on the analysis of the meteorological conditions in the whole production process of summer maize in 2016,the effects of meteorological conditions and severe weather process on summer maize yield were discussed. The results showed that in late July,the summer maize had bad pollination and the number of grains per spike was decreased,and the ＂ bald tip＂ of summer maize was heavy. In mid-August,there was continuous rainfall,resulting in field water,while causing a large area of summer maize bacterial wilt,affecting the corn grouting,thousands of grain weight decreased. In mid-September,there was wind and rain hail weather,resulting in severe lodging of summer maize,affecting grouting,and unfavorable harvest of summer maize,increasing production costs.