环保型气管切开防水垫的制作与临床应用

Process and clinical application of environment-friendly tracheotomy waterproof pad

目的探讨环保型气管切开防水垫在气管切开患者护理中的应用。方法将2015年1月-2017年3月收治于同济大学附属同济医院耳鼻喉科因各种原因采取气管切开手术后患者40例,随机分为观察组和对照组各20例,对照组常规给予湿化纱布覆盖及雾化吸入,观察组在此基础上使用环保型气管切开防水垫。比较两组患者住院期间气管切开术后患者湿化纱布使用率、气道湿化治疗后衣领及气管切开纱布潮湿情况及气管切开术后患者切口周围皮肤情况。结果对照组湿化纱布使用率为70%,观察组湿化纱布使用率为85%;患者气道湿化治疗后,对照组衣领及气管切开纱布潮湿发生率95%,观察组衣领及气管切开纱布潮湿发生率15%;患者切口周围皮肤红肿发生率对照组为20%,观察组未发生。结论通过使用环保型气管切开防水垫增加了患者使用湿化纱布的依从性,避免了雾化治疗时衣领发生潮湿,减少了切口周围皮肤红肿的发生率。

Objective To investigate the application of environment-friendly tracheotomy waterproof pad to patient care after tracheotomy. Methods Forty patients who underwent tracheotomy in the Department of Otolaryngology of Tongji Hospital,Tongji University School of Medicine from January 2015 to March 2017 were enrolled in this study. All subjects were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group with 20 cases in each group. The control was treated with regular moist gauze cover and aerosol inhalation,and the observation was additionally treated with environment-friendly waterproof pad. Comparisons were made between the two groups in the post operative usage rate of moist gauze during hospital stay, dampness of collar and gauze on the incision after aerosol inhalation treatment,and surrounding skin condition after tracheotomy. Results The usage rate of moist gauze in the control group was 70% ,and the rate in the observation group was 85% . After aerosol inhalation, the incidence rate of dampness of collar and gauze was 95% for the control group and 15% for the observation group. In the control group,the incidence rate of skin swelling surrounding incision was 20% , and such symptom did not occur in the observation group. Conclusion Environment-friendly waterproof pad could increase patients , adherence to moist gauze, avoiding damp collar and and decreasing skin swelling surrounding incisions.