青藏高原新型层控与褶皱湖泊的发现

Discovery of new lakes controlled by strata and folds in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

青藏高原是我国免受人类干扰的最大湖泊分布区,是进行湖泊研究的理想区域。利用高空间分辨率遥感影像对可可西里地区的湖泊进行研究,发现了由地层和褶皱控制的新型湖泊,并通过对涟湖成因的剖析,提出了层控湖泊的概念。研究表明:可可西里的层控湖泊主要受古近系和新近系红层控制,软硬岩层的韵律变化使湖泊在形态、数量、规模和空间分布等方面具有明显的规律性;受地层出露宽度的限制,层控湖泊以小型和微型湖泊为主;褶皱湖泊也发育在古近系和新近系红层中,在青藏高原很可能属于首次发现;大部分层控湖泊的形成时代晚于中新世,与构造运动有关的沉积环境动荡变化,是其成群、成带发育的根源。

; Qinghai - Tibet Plateau, the largest lakes-distributing area without the disturbance of humans, is the ideal region for lake research. Using the right spatial resolution images, the authors have investigated the lakes in Hoh Xil and found the new lakes controlled by stratum and folds. Through the genesis analysis of Lian Lake, the authors proposed the concept of stratabound lakes. The stratabound lakes in Hoh Xil are mainly controlled by the red beds of Neogene and Paleogene, and the regularity of these lakes in shape, quantity, scale and distribution is relevant to the rhythmic sedimentation of soft and hard terranes. Most of stratabound lakes are small and mini type because of the width limit of outcrop stratum. Fold lakes are also controlled by the red beds of Neogene and Paleo-gene, and they are probably discovered for the first time in Qinghai - Tibet Plateau. The formative period of most stratabound lakes is later than Miocene. The dominant factor of the stratabound lakes development is the tumultu-ous changes of sedimentary environment which are relevant to tectonic movement.