颅咽管瘤的治疗进展

The Treatment Advancement of Craniopharyngioma

颅咽管瘤是一种较少见的颅内先天性肿瘤。尽管生长缓慢,组织学呈现良性,但具有恶性生长的特性,常呈岛状或指状侵入周围正常组织。又因其位置深在,与下丘脑、视神经、垂体柄等重要结构关系密切。大多数患者在诊断时已出现不同程度的下丘脑/垂体缺陷,视力损害和颅高压等症状,导致临床上治疗难度大,治疗效果差、患者生活质量低下。目前对颅咽管瘤的治疗手段有手术治疗、放射治疗及分子靶向治疗等。近年来,随着显微外科技术、影像技术、现代生物技术等的创新与完善以及临床上对该病认识的不断加深,使颅咽管瘤的治疗取得了很大的进展,现就颅咽管瘤的相关治疗进展进行综述。

Craniopharyngioma is a rare intracranial congenital tumor. Although it grows slowly, presenting histologically benign, it possess features like malignant tumors, invading the surrounding normal tissue in the island- or finger-like fashion. Since it＇s deeply located and intimately associated with important structures like hypothalamus, optic nerve and pituitary stalk, patients are usually diagnosed with different degrees of hypothalamic/pituitary deficiencies, visual impairment, and increased intracranial pressure and the like, leading to challenges in clinical treatment, poor treatment effect and low quality of life. The current treatment on craniopharyngioma includes surgery, radiotherapy and molecular targeted therapy. Recent years have witnessed innovation and perfection of diagnosis technology, including microneurosurgical techniques, imaging technology and modern biological technology and so forth, as well as the in-depth knowledge about craniopharyngioma, which greatly promotes the progress in the treatment of craniopharyngioma. This paper reviewed the current status in the treatment of this disease.