杭州市城区典型区域PM_(2.5)和PM_(10)质量浓度变化特征

Characteristics of Mass Concentration Variations of PM_(2.5) and PM_(10) in the Typical Urban Area of Hangzhou

为研究杭州市城区大气中PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)的浓度变化特征,在采荷监测区内对PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)浓度变化和气象特征进行了为期1 a的监测。结果表明:PM_(2.5)质量浓度呈冬春高于夏秋季节,冬季出现最高值(104.35±99.86)μg/m^3;颗粒物PM_(10)呈冬季远高于其他季节,浓度为(274.39±160.92)μg/m^3,春秋两季相较于夏季高约1倍,说明颗粒物PM_(10)比PM_(2.5)的污染来源更为多样,成分更为复杂。PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)在不同的季节中,二者的相对浓度和变化规律有所不同。细颗粒物浓度日间变化过程在季节间大势体变化趋势规律类似,在观测时段内从峰值逐渐减小,伴随季节间的差异而呈不同的波动。PM_(2.5)/PM_(10)值范围为0.26~0.58,春冬两季的均值分别为0.51和0.50,夏秋两季的均值分别为0.34和0.32,表明春秋两季污染物中PM_(2.5)比例高;颗粒物PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)质量浓度与温度之间均呈现显著负相关关系,相关系数分别高达0.619、0.640;与气压呈现显著正相关关系,相关系数为0.559、0.583。

In order to study the variation characteristics of PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations in the urban area of Hangzhou, we monitored PM2.5, PM10 concentration and meteorological characteristics for 1 a in monitoring area of Caihe. The result showed that concentration of PM2.5 in winter and spring was higher than in summer and autumn, the max concentration in winter was 104.35 ±99.86 mg/m3. The PM10 in winter was much higher than in other seasons, the concentration was 274. 39 ± 160.92 μg./m3. The concentration in spring and autumn were twice that of summer. This shows that a PM10 particle has more diverse sources than PM2.5, more complex composition. They have different relative concentration and the change law of PM2.5 and PM10 in different season. The concentration diurnal variation of PM have similar change process in different seasons, and the peak value decreased gradually in the observation period, the value varied with season. PM2.5PM10 values range from 0.26 to 0.58, the mean value in winter and spring were 0. 51 and 0.50, and were 0. 34 and 0. 32 in summer and autumn, respectively. It showed that PM2.5 in a high proportion of pollutants in summer and autumn. There was a significant negative correlation between PM2.5, PM10 concentration and temperature, and the correlation coefficients were 0. 619, 0. 640, respectively. The concentration of PM2.5 and PMlo has a significant positive correlation with atmospheric pressure, and the correlation coefficient was 0. 559 and 0. 583, respectively.