超级稻病虫害发生特点及绿色防控技术

Occurrence Characteristics and Green Control Against Super Rice Diseases and Pests

摸清化州市超级稻主要病虫害种类与发生危害情况,为超级稻病虫害综合防控提供科学依据。2012—2017年在化州市水稻主产区采用定田、同时、同方法、同步调查观察方法,利用数理统计方法分析了超级稻病虫害发生危害特点和规律。结果表明,超级稻和普通杂交稻病虫害发生种类基本相同,发生量和为害程度有较大差异,部分病虫害发生和为害程度为超级稻重于普通杂交稻。针对超级稻主要病虫害的发生危害特点和规律,提出水稻生育前期重点防治稻飞虱,挑治或兼治稻纵卷叶螟;后期重点防治纹枯病、白叶枯病,兼治其他病虫害的防治策略。

The purpose of the paper is to find out the main diseases and pests of super rice in Huazhou, and their occurrence and harm as well, so as to provide a scientific basis for the comprehensive prevention and control. In the years of 2012—2017, the occurrence, damage characteristics and rules of super rice diseases and pests were analyzed by mathematical statistics in the main rice producing areas in Huazhou. The results showed that the occurrence types of diseases and pests of super rice and common hybrid rice were basically the same, while the occurrence and damage degree of them varied greatly. The occurrence and damage degree of some diseases and insect pests of super rice were heavier than that of common hybrid rice. According to the occurrence characteristics and rules of main diseases and pests of super rice, rice plant-hopper prevention and cure, pricking or Cnaphaloerocis medinalis prevention in the early growing period, and prevention and control strategies against the blight and sheath blight, and other diseases and pests in the late growing period, were proposed in the paper.