不同寄主植物对韭菜迟眼蕈蚊生长发育、繁殖和保护酶活力的影响

Effects of feeding on different host plants on development,reproduction and protective enzymes of Bradysia odoriphaga

为了明确韭菜迟眼蕈蚊幼虫(韭蛆)取食不同寄主植物对其生长发育的影响,并试图从其体内保护酶活力的差异分析不同寄主植物对其生长发育造成影响的原因。选取4种寄主植物(韭菜、生菜、大葱和马铃薯)饲养韭蛆,统计不同寄主条件下韭菜迟眼蕈蚊卵、幼虫、蛹的发育历期和繁殖力,并分别测定不同寄主饲养后韭蛆的三大保护酶系(超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和过氧化物酶(POD))的活性。结果表明:韭菜迟眼蕈蚊幼虫取食生菜后下一代的卵期(3.23d)最长,幼虫期(23.83d)最短;与取食韭菜的下一代的卵期(3.05d)和幼虫期(24.16d)差异显著。取食大葱的发育期(卵期+幼虫期+蛹期)合计最长(31.91d),与取食生菜的差异显著(30.96d),但与取食马铃薯和韭菜的差异不显著,后两者分别为31.87d和31.64d。与取食其他3种寄主的韭蛆相比,取食韭菜的成虫(雌和雄)寿命最长,产卵量最多。取食马铃薯的韭菜迟眼蕈蚊幼虫的SOD活力最低,取食其他寄主的SOD活力之间差异不显著。取食大葱的幼虫POD活力最高,其次是取食韭菜的。取食韭菜的幼虫CAT活力最高,显著高于取食其他寄主。因此,韭菜迟眼蕈蚊的生长发育与寄主植物有一定的关联,寄主植物不同,韭蛆体内保护酶系的活力也不尽相同。

In order to explore the influence of Bradysia odoriphagalarvae feeding on different host plants on their development,and try to find out the cause of the variance of development by analyzing the protective enzymes of B.odoriphaga.Four host plants（Chinese chives,lettuce,Chinese spring onion,potato）were chosen to feed the larvae of B.odoriphaga;generation period（egg stage,larval stage,pupal stage）and fecundity were counted,and the protective enzyme system（superoxide dismutase（SOD）,catalase（CAT）and peroxidase（POD））of the larvae of B.odoriphagafeeding on three different hosts were assayed.The next generation of egg stage of B.odoriphaga was the longest（3.23 d）and the larval stage was the shortest（23.83 d）when feeding on lettuce and was significantly different from that when feeding on Chinese chives（3.05 d and24.16 d,respectively）.The developmental duration（egg stage＋larvae stage＋ pupal stage）of B.odoriphaga was the longest（31.91 d）when feeding on Chinese spring onion and significantly different that when feeding on lettuce（30.96d）,but not significantly different from those when feeding on potato and Chinese chives（31.87 d and31.64 d,respectively）.Compared with those feeding on the other three host plants,the longevities of adults（female and male）were longest when feeding on Chinese chives,and the fecundity was maximum.The activities of superoxide dismutase（SOD）on lettuce,Chinese chives and Chinese spring onion were significantly higher than on potato,and there was no significant difference in the three host plants;the activity of peroxidase（POD）on Chinese spring onion was the highest,fol-lowed by on Chinese chives;the activity of catalase（CAT）on Chinese chives was significantly higher than on the other three host plants.We concluded that the growth of B.odoriphaga was related to the host plant,and the activities of the three major protective enzyme systems（SOD,CAT,POD）of B.odoriphaga were not the same.