重庆地区煤系高硫稀有金属复合矿稀土的铵盐浸出试验研究

Research on Ammonium Salt Leaching of Rare Earth from Coal-measures High-sulfur Rare Metal Complex Ore in Chongqing

重庆地区煤系高硫稀有金属复合矿含有稀土、铌等稀有金属元素,矿样中部分稀土呈离子吸附形态存在,为一种新类型的高硫稀有金属复合矿资源。试验采用铵盐为浸出剂,考察了铵盐种类、浸出方式及浸出条件对稀土浸出情况的影响。试验结果表明,分别以硫酸铵、氯化铵、硝酸铵、乙酸铵、柠檬酸铵为浸出剂浸出矿样,稀土浸出率为31.96%~34.60%。以氯化铵为浸出剂浸出复合矿,稀土浸出率为34.60%,略高于其他铵盐浸出剂。从铵盐价格、稀土浸出率的高低、浸出时对杂质钙的抑制能力多方面综合考虑,选择硫酸铵为浸出剂较为适宜。以硫酸铵为浸出剂,分别对矿样进行了搅拌浸出、池浸、渗滤浸出试验研究。搅拌浸出、池浸、渗滤浸出的离子型稀土浸出率分别为91.88%、80.50%、88.70%,获得了较高的离子型稀土浸出率。

Coal-measures high-sulfur rare metal complex ore in Chongqing contains rare earth, niobium and other rare metals. Part of rare earth exists as a state of ionic adsorption in the ore, which can be used as new high-sulfur rare metal complex ore resources. Ammonium salt was used as leaching agent and the effects of different kinds of ammonium salt, leaching method and leaching conditions on leaching of rare earth were studied. The results show that the rare earth leaching rate varied from 31.96% to 34. 60% with ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, ammo- nium nitrate, ammonium acetate and ammonium citrate as leaching agent respectively. The rare earth leaching rate of composite ore with ammonium chloride as leaching agent was 34.60% , slightly higher than the other ammonium salt. From the price of ammonium salt, the leaching rate of rare earth, and the inhibition of the impurities of calcium considerations,ammonium sulfate was chosen as the appropriate leaching agent, Ammonium sulfate was used as leaching agent, and leaching experiments were carried out under different type of leaching method, such as agitated leaching,pond leaching and percolation leaching. The leaching rate of ion-type rare earth was 91.88% ,80. 50% 88.70% ,respectively. The results showed that the high leaching rate was acquired.