《史记·吕太后本纪》研究

Research on Queen LüBiographic in Historical Records

吕后是司马迁《史记》十二本纪中列入的唯一女性。《史记·吕太后本纪》通过对吕后生平、性格及形象的描写,成功地刻画出吕后仁慈、刚毅、狡诈刻毒、深谋远虑的形象,同时也展现了她在刘邦夺取天下及稳固政权中的政治作用。司马迁对吕后的态度有颂扬也有批判,比较客观地给了吕后一个历史的定位。此外,《史记·吕太后本纪》开启了女性传记文学的先河,在文学及史学上也对后世产生了一定影响。

The Queen Lu was the only female character in the Twelve Chronicles of Historical Records. Queen Lu Biographic in Historical Records successfully described her images of kindness, masculinity, deceitful, acrimony and foresight through her life and character. It also showed her ambition to win the world and a solid political role. Sima Qian described Lu objectively, which combined with admiration and criticism. Queen Lu Biographic in Historical Records was an innovation to make biography for the female figure and it created a precedent in the female biography literature, which has had a certain impact on future generations in terms of literature and history.