香料烟重要性状杂种优势表现

Some Quality Performances in Hybrids of Oriental Tobacco

为给香料烟杂种优势利用提供依据,试验采用杂种F1与其杂交亲本同田种植的方式,对比研究了相同栽培环境条件下不同香料烟品种(材料)的生育期、农艺性状和经济性状表现,结果显示,杂种F1在株高、茎围、节距、百叶重和调制后烟叶的外观质量等方面存在杂种优势,而在生育期、叶片数、产量、产值和常规化学成分方面多数表现为趋近双亲中值,没有正向的杂种优势。尽管如此,4个杂种F1中组合云香巴斯玛1号×克撒锡巴斯玛的经济性状表现显著优于杂交亲本,表明选育杂交种时亲本的选择非常关键,只要亲本选择得当,香料烟是可以选育得到产量和品质符合生产需要的杂交种。香料烟在选配杂交亲本时,应选择叶片数较多的品种。

Planting experiment of oriental tobacco hybrid F1 and their parents plants was carried out to compare the perfor- mance on growth, agronomic and economic traits for different varieties under same cultivation condition. The results showed that heterosis existed in plant height, stalk girth, internode length, weight per 100 leaves and appearance quality of cured tobacco. In respects of growth period, leaf number, yield, output value and conventional chemical composition, most hybrid F1 showed no positive heterosis and approach to mid value of their parents. Nevertheless, one of these tested hybrids F~ showed obvi- ously heterosis in economic traits and was significantly better than its parents. This indicated that parents selection in hybrid breeding is critical. As long as properly in the selection of hybrid parents, hybrid F~ meeting production requirements in yield and quality can be obtained. When selecting the hybrid parents, those varieties of more leaves should be considered.