铁路、公路交通基础设施对经济增长的空间溢出效应——以长三角为例

Spatial Spillover Effects of Railway and Highway Transportation Infrastructure on Economic Growth——A Case of the Yangtze River Delta

交通基础设施不仅为工业化、城镇化加快发展提供强大的运力支撑,也能推动中心城市与卫星城镇形成合理布局,增强中心城市对周边城市的辐射带动作用,强化相邻城市"同城效应"。文章通过长三角城市群26个城市2005-2016年的面板数据来验证铁路、公路交通基础设施对区域经济增长的影响,并以2009年为时间断点,检验样本期内是否有结构性变化。实证结果显示:铁路人流密度、公路人流密度、公路物流密度对经济增长有着显著的正向促进作用,2009年后其贡献度有所提升,而铁路物流密度对经济增长却呈负向作用;相邻城市铁路、公路交通基础设施对本地经济增长呈空间正溢出效应;此外,物质资本投入、人力资本投入、城市化水平、产业集聚对于区域经济增长均具有程度不一的相关影响。

The transportation infrastructure not only provides a strong transportation capacity support to the faster development of industrialization and urbanization, but also promotes a better layout of the central city and satellite towns, which enhances the radiation role of the core city to the adjacent cities and towns and forms the so-called one city effect. Through the panel data of the 26 cities within the Yangtze River Delta City Cluster from 2005 to 2016, the paper verifies the influences of railway and highway transportation infrastructure on region- al economic growth, and uses the data in 2009 as a time breakpoint to test whether there is a structural change in the sample period. The empirical results show that： The railway passenger flow density, highway passenger flow density, and highway logistics flow density have significant positive effects on economic growth, and their contributions have somehow improved after 2009, whereas the railway logistics density shows a negative effect on economic growth; The adjacent city railway and highway transportation infrastructure presents a positive spillover effect on the local economic growth; In addition, the factors such as material capital investment, human capital investment, urban- ization level and industrial agglomeration, all have differed effects on the regional economic growth.