夏季奥运会主办权“双分配方案”的多维解读

Double Allocation Scheme of Host Right of Summer Olympic Games

国际奥委会将2024、2028年夏季奥委会主办权进行一次性的双分配,将对奥运会申办实践和组织理论产生深远影响。方案实施的成因有:对巴黎和洛杉矶的难以取舍是直接动因,大型赛事申办遇冷是外部环境,《奥林匹克2020议程》等改革方案是主导力量,巴赫的强人政治学是重要推手。方案将产生不良影响:奥运会申办将减少悬念看点,国际奥委会丧失博弈主动权,挫伤潜在申办城市的积极性,抵触国际奥委会现有的原则。双分配方案应为权宜之计,通过优化赛事管理、降低申办成本、吸引青少年参与等措施才是解决奥运会超大规模问题的根本之道。

The IOC has conducted the double allocation of host right of 2024 and 2028 summer Olympic Games,which will be great influence on the practice and theory of hosting Olympic Games.The scheme is caused by the following factors.The dilemma between Paris and Los Angeles is the direct driving force.The unpopular bidding is the external environment.The 2020 Olympic Agenda is the driving force of the reform.The power policy of Bach is the important factor.The scheme will have bad influence,i.e.,the bidding for the Olympic Games will be not attractive;IOC will lose the initiative and the potential hosting city will feel frustrated.The double allocation scheme should be the temporary measure.The final scheme should be improving competition management,decreasing hosting cost and attracting the participation of the youth.