我国地区不平等与经济发展关系的重新审视

A Review of the Relationship between Regional Inequality and Economic Development in China

文章使用四个不平等衡量指标,对我国改革开放以来地区不平等程度进行了测量,发现各个指标都显示我国地区不平等程度整体呈现出下降—上升—下降的趋势。基于1978-2015年我国的省级面板数据,利用半参数回归方法经过检验发现:我国地区不平等与经济发展的关系变动轨迹在改革开放之初呈现短暂的向下滑动之后,便呈现出明显的倒U形关系,这与库兹涅茨曲线相吻合。同时,检验结果也表明,近年来,我国地区不平等与经济发展的关系变动轨迹有着非常明显的下降趋势,这既验证了已有政策的效果,也为进一步深化经济改革提供了依据。

Measuring the regional inequality since the beginning of China＇s reform and opening up by using the four inequality indexes, this paper finds that every index showing the regional inequality in China is on the trend of decline-rise-decline. Then, based on China＇ s province-level panel data from 1978 to 2015 and making the test through a semi-parametric regression method, the paper argues that the trajectory of the relationship between regional inequality and economic development decreases temporarily in the early stage of reform and opening up, and then presents an obvious inverted U-type relation, which is in conformity with the Kuznets curve. Moreover, the empirical results show that the trajectory of the relationship between regional inequality and economic development declines obviously in recent years, which verifies the effect of the existing policy and provides a basis for further deepening economic reform.