中西舞蹈身体运动的文化生态学研究——基于对水族斗角舞与西班牙斗牛舞的比较分析

Cultural and Ecological Study of Physical Movement of Dance in China and Western Countries

运用文化生态学理论,采用实地调查法等,比较水族斗角舞与西班牙斗牛舞文化生态结构,并对水族斗角舞和西班牙斗牛舞身体动作的内在逻辑进行探讨。主要结论:斗角舞是水族祭祀祖先、祈福禳灾的宗教活动,西班牙斗牛舞起源于古代宗教活动,原始宗教记忆是身体运动的直接动力;水族原始稻作文化的劳耕动作、西班牙斗牛士各项矫健动作是身体运动的内容习得;特定农耕文化场域、独有的身份和权利象征是斗角舞和斗牛舞身体运动文化传承的根本原因;水族斗角舞与西班牙斗牛舞的身体运动具有内在审美、修身养性、健美健身作用,也具有外在维护社会秩序、调解人际关系、维护阶层利益等作用。

With the research methods of cultural ecology and field investigation,the paper compares the ecological structure of horn dance of Shui nationality and Spanish bullfight dance and discusses the inner logic of physical movement of horn dance of Shui nationality and Spanish bullfight dance.The horn dance is to worship the ancestors and pray for good luck and the Spanish bullfight dance originated from ancient religious activities.Rice cultivation movements of Shui nationality and movements of bullfighters are the physical movement contents.Agriculture culture scope,unique identity and right symbol are the causes for the cultural inheritance of physical movement of horn dance and bullfight dance.The horn dance and bullfight dance can help keep healthy,maintain social order,regulate personal relationship and maintain the interest of certain social stratum.