扩大中等收入群体的困局与破局路径——基于新常态的视角分析

Dilemma and Breakthrough of Expanding Middle-income Groups——Analysis of Problems from the Perspective of New Norm

扩大中等收入群体是"十三五"规划的重要内容。新常态下,扩大中等收入群体具有重要的现实意义:促进经济转型软着陆,有效地减少或消弥经济意识形态带来的潜在不利因素;在全面建成小康社会中避免出现"被小康"的问题,使人民群众拥有更多的获得感,实现帕累托最优获益;同时减少社会阶层的对立与"撕裂",弥合社会摩擦裂痕,夯实实现中国梦的社会根基。但是,当前扩大中等收入群体面临诸多问题,陷入了困局,比如收入分配格局扭曲、需求结构性失衡、城镇化空心化与人力资本悖论困境等紧迫问题,必须通过发展共享经济、服务型政府现代转型、以内涵式城镇化拓展经济空间以及建构技能型人力资本"旋转门"式流动机制等途径来化解矛盾,逐步消解发展的二律背反困境。

The expansion of middle-income groups is an important content of planning in 13th Five-Year. Under the new norm, expanding middle-income groups has important practical significance. First, it may promote the economic transformation of a soft land- ing and reduce or eliminate the potential adverse factors of economic ideology. Second, it may avoid making mistake of ＂being well- off ＂, in building a well-off society in an all-round way and make the people to get more. Thirdly, it may reduce social class opposition and bridge social friction cracks and consolidate the social foundation for the realization of the Chinese dream. However, expansion of middle-income groups faces many problems. At present, the expansion of middle-income groups is facing urgent problems such as the distortion of income distribution pattern, the imbalance of demand structure, the hollowing out of urbanization and the dilemma of human capital. We must resolve contradictions through developing sharing economy, the transformation of modern service-oriented government, expanding economic space with new-type urbanization and Constructing the revolving door flow mechanism of skilled human capital to dispel the dilemma of antinomy in the development.