一起院内感染引起麻疹暴发的调查与思考

The Investigation & Reflection on the Outbreak of Measles Caused By Nosocomial Infections in a Certain Hospital

目的调查一起院内感染引起麻疹暴发的原因,为制定防控措施提供依据。方法用描述流行病学进行方法分析。结果入住儿科同一病房治疗的患儿10例中发生麻疹病例7例(70.00%),另两例属于外来交叉感染,共发生9例麻疹疫情。疫情自3月14日至3月21日,将近10天。疫情爆发的主要原因是麻疹病人未能早期诊断,并隔离治疗。疫情发生后,经加强预检分诊,严格筛查,开展院内麻疹主动监测严格隔离消毒制度等综合措施,疫情得到控制。结论加强院内感染管理对控制传染病疫情有重要作用。做好日常消毒防护,发现传染源尽早隔离治疗,避免疫情的发生。同时应对小月龄,特别是6月龄以下婴儿麻疹免疫策略作进一步研究和调整。加强疫苗接种工作,降低基础免疫空白。

Objective o investigate the cause of outbreak of measles caused by Nosocomial infection in a certain hospital and to provide scientific basis for formulating prevention and control measures. Methods analyzed by applying descriptive epidemiology method. Results 7 of 10 children in the same ward of pediatrics had got measles after hospitalization and two of the rest were suffered from foreign cross-inflection, which makes 9 cases of measles epidemic in total. The epidemic continued about 10 days from Mar. 14th to 21st. The cause of epidemic outbreak is by the measles patients who did not have an early diagnosis and isolated treatment. After the outbreak of the epidemic, it was finally controlled by strengthening triage and screening and carrying out comprehensive measures including active surveillance of measles in hospital and the strict isolation and disinfection system. Conclusions Strengthening management of hospital infection plays an important role in controlling the epidemic of infectious diseases. In order to avoid the epidemic, daily disinfection and protection should be well exerted and isolated treatment should be carried out as early as possible when the source of infection is found. At the same time, a further study and adjustment should be made on the strategy of measles immunization for few month infant, especially within six months. The vaccination should be strengthened as well to reduce the basic immune blank.