美国“以患者为中心的医疗之家”模式发展现状及对我国家庭医生服务的启示

Present Situation of Patient-centered Medical Home in the United States and Its Enlightenment to Family Doctor Services in China

国际卫生改革经验表明,寻求合适的社区卫生服务模式是全球卫生体制改革的必然。以患者为中心的医疗之家(PCMH)模式被世界卫生组织(WHO)誉为"最经济,最适宜"的医疗卫生保健服务模式且在美国已经发展得比较成熟。本文介绍了美国PCMH模式的理念、特点、发展历程、实施效果、认证及质量管理,并提出我国应在借鉴美国PCMH模式实施经验的基础上,建立和完善社区卫生服务质量认证体系、激励机制,促进家庭医生服务质量改善,吸引更多优秀的全科医学人才加入基层医疗服务。

The experience of health reform in the world shows that a suitable mode of community health services will be the inevitable result of global health system reform. The patient-centered medical home（ PCMH） has been hailed by the World Health Organization（ WHO） as the most economical and most appropriate community health services mode which has developed maturely in the United States. This paper introduces the concept,characteristics,development process,implementation effect,authentication and quality management of PCMH in the United States. Based on the experience of PCMH,this paper puts forward that China should establish and improve the quality certification system and incentive mechanism of community health services to promote the quality of family doctor services and attract excellent general practitioners to join the primary health care service team.