论苏联解体的主观原因与客观因素(一)

Subjective Reasons and Objective Factors for the Collapse of Soviets(Part Ⅰ)

无论过去还是现在"苏联解体"始终是社会及学术界探讨的热点问题。学者们试图从苏联产生的条件,以及苏联存在的最后时期所处的形势来对苏联最终走向衰落的成因进行分析。在于苏联的解体是精英阶层为瓜分权力与资源而斗争的结果,最终导致国家陷入深切的灾难之中。制度上的危机为民族共和国的政治精英最大限度地提供了自由,他们逐渐偏离中央管理,不断扩大自身权力,进而导致事态的恶化及苏联最终的解体。

＂The collapse of the Soviet union＂ has always been a hot topic＇in social and academic circles every now and then. Scholars make great efforts to analyze the causes of the eventual decline of the Soviet Union from the situation in which the Soviet Union exists in his last period. One hypothesis put forward by the academics is that whether the Soviet union would continue to exist, or persist until it collapses in recent years, or survive until the 21st century if politicians did not act aggressively in the early 1990s. The conclusion is that the collapse of the Soviet Union results from the elite＇s struggle to divide power and resources leading to deep disaster for the country. The crisis in the system provides the maximum freedom for political elites of the republic country who gradually deviate from the central management expanding their power and leading to the deterioration of the situation and the collapse of the Soviet Union eventually.