地域差异对城市居民教育回报率的影响研究

The Study of the Regional Differences on the Influences of the Urban Residents' Returns to Education

随着中国经济的发展,东、中、西部地区之间和各个城市之间的经济差距逐渐拉大,教育资源分配不均,在不同区域居住的人们收入水平差距有逐渐增大的趋势,经济发展水平高的地区人们的受教育程度也普遍较高,甚至出现了优秀人才向中国东部沿海地区或重点城市经济发达地区流动的现象,在这种情况下中国三个区域的教育对工资收入的影响存在地域差异。通过分析得出造成此现象的原因为地域之间生产力、人力资本积累、劳动力流动性、生活成本开支的差异。据此提出政策建议为大力发展和完善基础性教育,以提高整体受教育水平;促进优化区域产业发展;促进职业技术教育的发展;同时要控制经济发达区域的生活成本,打破就业障碍和壁垒。

With the development of the economy,China＇s unbalanced regional development is increasingly significant. The economy differences between eastern,middle and western China are growing bigger and the educational resources are being distributed unequally. People live in different areas whose income disparity is enlarged. The developed regions,because of the high labor productivity,have upgraded fundamental facilities,high living cost and higher level of education.As a result, excellent talents flow to eastern coastal China or developed cities.On this occasion, there are the differences of education returning among these three regions.The reason of the phenomenon is that there exist the differences among productivity,human resource,labor flow and living cost. According to this,the government should pay attention to the basic education and develop the compulsory education system.At the same time,they should also optimize the industrial structure,promote the higher education and the vocational education development.Last but not the least,it is urgent to control the living cost and break the barriers to the employment.