中学生心理素质量表全国常模的制定

Development of National Norms of Brief Psychological Suzhi Scale for Middle School Students

心理素质是青少年的核心素质,开展心理素质研究是实施素质教育的内在要求。本研究旨在调查我国中学生心理素质的发展状况,并建立全国常模。采用《中学生心理素质量表(简化版)》,依据中华人民共和国教育部权威发布的教育统计数据进行分层抽样,获有效样本22827人。结果表明:(1)在经济带上,东部中学生的心理素质水平显著高于中、西部中学生,中部中学生的心理素质水平最低;(2)在家庭居住地上,中学生心理素质水平由高到低依次为省会城市、地州市(地级市或自治州)和县城、乡镇、农村;(3)在性别上,男女生总体心理素质水平不存在显著的差异,在分维度上,除男生认知品质的发展水平显著高于女生外,其余分维度均不存在显著的差异;(4)在年级上,初中生的心理素质水平显著高于高中生,具体为初一学生心理素质及分维度的发展水平显著高于初二与初三学生、高二学生的心理素质及分维度的发展水平显著低于高一与高三学生,初二与初三,高一与高三之间则不存在显著差异;(5)在以半岁为间隔的年龄段上,心理素质及分维度的发展总体上呈现出下降的趋势,具体表现为12~12.5岁短暂上升,12.5~13.5岁下降,13.5~14.5岁平缓,14.5~16下降,16~18.5平缓的趋势。据此制定了相应的全国常模。

Psychological suzhi is adolescents' most basic,most steady,and most central part of individual's mental structure.Carrying out research related psychological suzhi is the inherent requirement of quality education.The present study aims at establishing the national norms for Psychological Suzhi Scale for middle school students based on a representative national sample survey.According to the educational statistics released by the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China,stratified sampling is used to select 22827 pupils from three economic regions of China-eastern,central,and western regions.The results are as follows.First,the level of psychological suzhi and its dimensions of the middle school students in the eastern part of China is significantly higher than that of middle and western middle school students,from high to low in order.Second,students from the capital city,prefectures,town and rural areas get different scores on the psychological suzhi scores,from high to low in order.Third,there is no gender difference in psychological suzhi.Fourth,junior school students havea higher level of psychological suzhi than senior ones.Specifically,the level of psychological suzhi of 7 th graders are higher than 8 thgraders and 9 th graders.For senior students,psychological suzhi level of 11 th graders are the lowest.Fifth,in general,the level of psychological suzhi decreases with age.The level of psychological suzhi declines among students aged 12.5-14 and 15-16.5,whereas there is no significant difference among 14-15 and 16.5-18.5 years old students.Based on these findings,we establish the national norms for brief psychological suzhi scale for middle school students.