深海矢量噪声场声传播特性研究

Research on the propagation characteristics of vector noise field in deep sea

矢量声压振速联合处理是建立在信号的声压和质点振速相位基础上,海洋环境边界对声传播的影响将改变矢量声场声压和质点振速的幅度和相位特性。文章根据南海环境条件和水下目标辐射噪声测量采用矢量简正波理论估算海面非相干偶极子噪声源和水下点声源矢量场的幅度和相位随深度的变化,并对矢量水听器测量系统获取的南海典型深度上的背景噪声数据进行了分析。结果表明:深海背景噪声声压谱级在500 Hz以下基本上不随深度变化,在500 Hz-3 kHz频段浅深度背景噪声声压谱级略高于较深深度的背景噪声声压谱级;背景噪声的垂直质点振速谱级要小于声压和水平质点振速谱级。

The signal processing using combined acoustic pressure and particle velocity components is based on the phase between acoustic pressure and particle velocity, but the environmental boundary effect on sound propagation will change amplitude and phase characteristics of acoustic pressure and particle velocity in acoustic vector fields. In this paper, the amplitude and phase with depth in acoustic vector fields about surface-generated incoherent dipole noise and underwater point source are estimated based on vector normal mode theory according to the environmental conditions and underwater target radiated noise measurement in South China Sea. And, it is analyzed that ambient noise data of typical depth received by the acoustic vector-sensor measuring system in South China Sea. The results show that the acoustic pressure spectrum level of ambient noise below 500 Hz basically does not change with depth, the acoustic pressure spectrum level of ambient noise from 500 Hz to 3 kHz at a shallow depth is higher than a deeper depth, and the vertical particle velocity spectrum level of ambient noise is less than the acoustic pressure and horizontal particle velocity spectrum level in deep ocean.