新版新加坡小学华文教材汉字编写模式

The Developmental Model of Instructional Materials for Chinese Characters in the New Singapore Primary Chinese Curriculum

汉字是华文作为第二语言教学的难点之一。这是由汉字的字形特点、习得规律以及汉字教学的特殊性所决定的。作为第二语言的汉字教学与母语的汉字教学由于教学对象不同,教学内容、过程和方法都存在差异。新加坡独立后,长期推行以英语为主导的双语教育政策,这客观上改变了儿童在家庭、学校、社会学习华语的天然语言环境,华语已不是新加坡儿童的第一语言。识字、写字教学已成为制约华语教学的一个瓶颈。新版小学华文教材《欢乐伙伴》在处理"语""文"关系,识字、写字难点,初始阶段识读字、识写字的选择等方面进行了一些尝试,希望通过有效的教材编排降低汉字的学习难度,同时根据汉字的习得规律组织教学,培养学生的字感,提高汉字的学习效率,为今后华语教材的编写提供一个新的视角。

Chinese characters pose one of the difficulties in learning Chinese as a second language. This is due to the orthographic characteristics of the Chinese characters and their acquisition patterns and pedagogies. Due to learner differences,there is a huge difference in the learning content and pedagogy for Chinese characters in learning Chinese as a first language and a second language. After independence,Singapore's implementation of the bilingual education policy,particularly with English as the lingua franca,has changed the language environment in family,school and society from which children can acquire Chinese. The teaching of character recognition and writing has hampered the teaching of the Chinese language. The new Primary Chinese curriculum has made some breakthrough in the following areas:managing the relationship between'language'(语)and'literary'(文),resolving the difficulties in learning Chinese characters,selecting characters for recognition and characters for writing at the initial learning stage. It is hoped that with the effective planning of the instructional materials which is in accordance with the learning pattern of Chinese characters,this will not only reduce the difficulties in learning Chinese characters but also provide a new perspective for the development of future Chinese instructional materials.