《察世俗每月统记传》与《万国公报》比较研究

A Comparative Study of The Census of Secular Statistics and Mutinational Communique

19世纪传教士报刊是中国新闻史研究的重要内容,孕育了中国近代报刊。《察世俗每月统计传》是第一份中文刊物,首开近代新闻史先河。而清末影响最大、发行最广、时间最长的《万国公报》则是近代传教士报刊发展的最高峰。对这一首一高两份刊物进行对比,可以看出19世纪传教士报刊从纯宗教性刊物向现代报刊发展的世俗化趋势:传播者由洋人主办主笔到华人主编主笔;传播对象由底层逐步上移到中上阶层的士人、官僚;传播渠道由海外逐步发展到沿海和内地;传播内容由传教义到报新闻的世俗化转变,由介绍科学到引入社会学以传播思想;传播效果从默默无闻到朝野关注。近代传教士报刊既是西学东渐影响中国的重要媒介,其自身也为中国的传播环境所改变,进行了必要的调整。

In nineteenth century, missionary newspapers and periodicals were an important part of Chinesejournalism history, which gave birth to modem Chinese newspapers and periodicals. The Census of SecularStatistics is the first Chinese publication in the face of Chinese people, which has beenmodern news history. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, the most influential and mostlongest Multinational Communique was the climax of the development of modern missionary newspapers.Comparing the mentioned two journals, we can see the secular trend of missionary newspapers from purereligious periodicals to modern newspapers in nineteenth century. From the communication by foreigners toChinese report editors and chief editors, dissemination of the object from the bottom up to class ’ scholars and bureaucracy; development of communication channels gradually developed coastal and inland, from spreading the doctrine to secular news, from the introduction of science to the introduction of sociology from unknown to the public, to the attention of the government and it depicts that modern missionary journal is not only the important medium of the western doctrine influencing the also itself implements necessary adjustment for the change of Chinese communication environment.