民航竞争影响下高速铁路动态差别定价研究

Study on Dynamic Differential Pricing for High-speed Rail under Influence of Competition from Civil Aviation

目前我国高速铁路定价标准固定,与其他高速铁路运营国家相比缺乏灵活性,且没有考虑民航对于高速铁路的竞争影响,无法在定价中取得更大的收益。鉴于此,本文在已有学者研究的基础上,借鉴多等级定价思想,结合Logit函数,充分考虑客票价格对于旅客交通方式选择的影响,以高速铁路运营收益最大为目标,构建民航竞争影响下高速铁路多等级定价动态差别定价模型。根据模型特征,设计递归算法,在固定运距、不同运距及不同机票折扣三种初始条件下,对模型进行求解,详细分析高速铁路的动态定价过程。结果表明,实行动态差别定价后,高速铁路车票的营运收益都会有一定程度上的提高。本文的研究成果可为高速铁路管理部门在高速铁路定价方面提供较为合理的决策参考。

At present, the high-speed railway in China can not achieve further earnings from its pricing system, with fixed pricing standard, lack of flexibility when compared with other countries with high-speed railway, and failure to consider the competitive effects of the civil aviation on the high-speed railway. For that reason, based on the existing researches of scholars, with Logit function, this paper used graded pricing idea for refer-ence, taking full account of the influence of ticket prices on passengers＇ choice of transport mode. A model of multi-class dynamic differential pricing under the competitive effects of the civil aviation was established with the goal of maximizing high-speed railway income. According to model characteristics, the recursive algorithm was designed to solve the model under three initial conditions of fixed haul distance, different haul distance and air ticket discount, to analyze the dynamic pricing of high-speed railway. Analytical results show that the op-erating income from high-speed railway tickets has improved to a certain extent after the implementation of dy-namic differential pricing. The research results of this paper can provide a reasonable reference in the ticket pricing for the management departments of high-speed railway.